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CARMEN & CATMON QUARRIES, CEBU, PHILIPPINES

Limestone

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Limestone

USES & BENEFITS

Limestone is a sedimentary rock, composed mainly of skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral, forams and molluscs. Its major materials are the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate.

The largest use of lime is in steel manufacturing where lime is used as a flux to remove impurities such as phosphorus and sulfur. Lime is used in power plant smokestacks to remove sulfur from the emissions. Lime is also used in mining, paper and paper pulp production, water treatment and purification, and in wastewater treatment. It is used in road construction and traditional building construction.

Wet Scrubbers and Coal Smokestacks

A plant that burns coal spews sulfur dioxides into the atmosphere, which are a greenhouse gas. Limestone, applied as a slurry, which is a mixture of minutely crushed limestone and water, helps to prevent sulfur dioxide from escaping through the plant’s smokestack. The limestone traps the sulfur dioxide gas in the wet slurry with calcium and oxygen and makes the pollutant a removable solid waste.

Better Soil Alkalinity

Limestone works as an amendment to soils and lawns to increase alkalinity. Acid-loving plants like camellias, azaleas, blueberries and centipede lawns grow best with a soil pH of 5.0 to 5.5. But most plants prefer a higher pH of about 6.5 to thrive. Before adding lime to the soil, test it for alkalinity by taking samples from three to five areas in the yard about 6 inches deep. Only add lime when the soil pH is highly acidic or below 5.5. Most fruits, vegetables and a large range of plants prefer soil slightly acidic or 5.5 to 6.5 on the pH scale.

Healthy Thriving Ponds

Plants aren’t the only ones that benefit from limestone. Pond liming, a customary practice in the southeastern United States, increases nutrient availability for both fish and plants in the pond. It also provides a shield against the fluctuations in the water’s acidity each day. Most farmers and rural homeowners add it to a pond’s bottom to sterilize it prior to adding fish.

Water Treatment Uses

For homes in rural communities, many wells have acidic water that also contain high amounts of iron or ferrous byproducts. Acidic water plays havoc with copper pipes over time, which is why many people opt for water treatment tanks that contain limestone and other sands or minerals. They act as a base for changing the water’s pH content as well as help to remove iron and its byproducts from the water. Water treatment tanks with automatic timers regularly backflush the nasty water collected by the limestone and other sands at the bottom of the tank and lift the sand during backflush to loosen and remove the sediments. Limestone sands and other filtration media must be changed and recharged periodically based on the water’s constituents to keep the water’s pH level at a neutral 7.0. This is best for drinking water and copper pipes.

Construction and Home Decor

Contractors use limestone as a building material, but it's also finely crushed and added to make Portland cement. On its own, limestone's natural beauty often adorns the floors of bathrooms, kitchens and other areas of the home. As decorative floor tiles, limestone offers a durable floor covering similar to granite and marble.

Dolomite

Dolomite is a form of limestone, rich in approximately equal parts of magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate. It is found widely throughout the world. Dolomitic limestone contains about five times as much magnesium and five eighths as much calcium as ordinary limestone. Dolomite also contains small amounts of chlorine, phosphorus, and potassium, in addition to more than 20 other trace elements.

Dolomite long has been used as a source of calcium and magnesium for animal feeds. Dolomite now is available in a number of dosage forms including tablets and chewable wafers, to be taken as dietary supplements. In animal models, minerals from dolomite are well absorbed. Research reveals no animal or clinical data regarding the use of dolomite as a magnesium and calcium supplement.

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